The Uttar Pradesh Exemplar Report highlights the state’s substantial progress in reducing maternal and newborn mortality between 2000 and 2018, achieving greater improvement than most other high-mortality states in India. These findings are part of the Exemplars in Maternal and Newborn Health Study, which aims to understand positive outliers and inform policy and practice. 

Key Findings: 

  • Marked gains in antenatal care, institutional deliveries, and C-section rates, particularly during the NRHM and NHM periods (post-2005). 
  • Marked gains in antenatal care, institutional deliveries, and C-section rates, particularly during the NRHM and NHM periods (post-2005). 
  • Public sector efforts are driving nearly 90% of the increase in institutional deliveries, with most births occurring at lower-level health facilities. 
  • Significant reductions in neonatal mortality across lower-level facilities and hospitals, both public and private. 
  • Implementation and strengthening of NRHM initiatives such as Janani Suraksha Yojana, emergency transport (108/102), and community engagement through ASHAs and Village Health and Nutrition Days. 
  • Gradual strengthening of health financing and management systems to utilise NRHM funds for rising institutional delivery demand.
  • Capacity-building programs, including in-service training for nurses and doctors in emergency obstetric and newborn care, and the introduction of nurse mentorship for labour rooms. 
  • Development of fixed-day antenatal care models at block and village levels, later adapted nationally as Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan. 
  • Improved referral protocols and linkages between facilities, including priority referrals for high-risk pregnancies and the use of messenger tracking groups. 
  • Creation of the Uttar Pradesh Medical Supply Corporation to streamline procurement and equipment maintenance. 
  • Strong collaboration between administrative and technical officials and development partners to improve governance and technical oversight. 
  • Adoption of data-driven approaches with digital tracking systems such as the RCH portal and dashboards for evidence-based decision-making.
  • Enhanced ASHA performance through supervision, support structures, and timely online payments. 

This report presents the Uttar Pradesh sub-study and provides background information on the broader India study. 

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